ICT

The State Electrotechnical Factory (VEF), founded in a free Latvia, grew to become the largest communication technology producer in the Soviet Union and at some point employed over 4000 people. VEF developed and produced radios, phones, photo cameras, personal computers, and more. In 1936, the world's smallest camera at that time, Minox, was developed at VEF.

Initially known as the University of Latvia Computing Centre and focused on scientific research in mathematics, the Institute of Mathematics and Computer Science became one of the key foundations of Latvia's ICT industry. In 1990, the institute was the first to join the international e-mail communication network.

Founded by former VEF employees, LMT was the first mobile operator in the country. Over the years, LMT has played a crucial role in the development of the country's ICT sector. It was the first to introduce 2G, 3G, and 4G coverage, and currently is one of Latvia's leading innovators in 5G technologies.

Latvian quantum physicist Andris Ambainis develops the quantum walks algorithm as a method for solving problems. It is currently among the most-used quantum computing algorithms.

In 2017, LMT launches the first 5G base station in Latvia, making the country one of the first in Europe to boast 5G capability. A few years later, Latvia launches Europe's first 5G testbeds for cross-border simulations and defense.

Latvian startup Printful becomes the country's first “unicorn” after raising $130M in funding. Printful is a print-on-demand dropshipping company; its technology helps individuals and small businesses launch and grow their own online stores.